Uso de metodologias ativas no processo de ensino aprendizagem em cursos de engenharia: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Active methodologies are teaching strategies that involve students in a participatory way, encouraging the active construction of knowledge. By adopting active approaches, educators can promote greater student engagement, encourage critical thinking, facilitate the practical application of knowledge, and promote interpersonal skills. Given the above, this article aims to investigate the use of active methodologies in engineering courses and their challenges during the implementation of the method. The phenomenon in question, that is, the adoption of active teaching methodologies, was analyzed due to the growing search for more effective and engaging pedagogical approaches in higher education, especially in fields as complex and practical as engineering courses. The integrative review examined and synthesized 15 articles that offered an analytical view of educational practices in engineering that incorporate active methodologies, highlighting the specific challenges that educators face when applying these teaching-learning methods. The results showed that the use of active methodologies in the engineering course presents specific challenges that require attention and adaptive strategies for effective implementation. One of the main challenges lies in the complexity of the technical content, characteristic of these disciplines. The theoretical and practical nature of engineering requires a pedagogical approach that integrates knowledge in an in-depth way, which can be challenging when employing active methodologies. The results of this study indicate that by recognizing and addressing the identified challenges, the university community can move towards more effective practices, preparing students not only with technical knowledge, but also with practical skills and an active and reflective approach to learning.