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    Associação entre padrões pressóricos de 24 h e remodelamento cardíaco ao ecocardiograma em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca de ejeção reduzida: subanálise do estudo IMPACT-HF
    (2026-05-27) Diniz Junior, Edvaldo Alves; Armstrong, Anderson da Costa
    This research is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory analytical study of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (LVEF < 40%) included in the IMPACT-HF study, who underwent ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and echocardiography before the start of the intervention. The recruitment period was from September 2024 to February 2026, totaling a sample size of 21 patients with a mean age of 52.4 ± 9.0 years, predominantly male (66.7%; 95% CI: 46.4% – 86.9%). Its objective is to correlate ABPM blood pressure patterns with echocardiographic phenotypes in this group of patients, in order to evaluate the association between ABPM patterns and echocardiographic markers of remodeling. To assess the associations between the qualitative variables of ABPM and the echocardiographic domains, the Chi-square test of independence or, preferably, Fisher's exact test was applied, with the level of statistical significance set at 5% (p < 0.05) for all tests performed. The data obtained revealed a negative correlation between the percentage of nocturnal decrease in systolic blood pressure and the E/A ratio (r = -0.527; p = 0.017), highlighting that the "Non-Dipper" and "Riser" patterns are associated with worsening diastolic dysfunction indices and increased filling pressures of the cardiac chambers. The "Non- Dipper" pattern was also associated with ventricular remodeling, accounting for 40% of all cases of hypertrophy and chamber dilation. Altered systolic pressure load (≥ 20%) showed a strong positive association with relative left ventricular wall thickness (r = 0.557; p = 0.009) and an inverse association with indexed end-diastolic volume (r = -0.502; p = 0.020), relating increased pressure load to myocardial thickening and consequent restriction of the ventricular cavity's dilation and accommodation capacity. Finally, this study did not correlate a more stringent blood pressure target (SBP < 120 mmHg) with echocardiographic worsening in this patient profile.
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    Contribuições da astronomia indígena para a sociedade contemporânea: um estudo baseado em fontes bibliográficas
    (Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 2025-07-15) Santos, Thalyta da Silva; Barbosa, Jaderson de Araujo Barros
    This study investigated the contributions of indigenous astronomy to contemporary society, highlighting how ancestral knowledge about the sky and natural cycles influences culture, spirituality, and even modern science. Through a literature review and studies on different indigenous peoples of Brazil, it was possible to understand that these groups developed their own systems for observing the sky, using constellations and natural phenomena to predict events such as rain and floods, in addition to guiding activities such as hunting, fishing, and planting. The results show that indigenous astronomy is a rich and integrated knowledge that dialogues with modern science and reinforces the importance of careful observation of nature. It is concluded that this knowledge is not just part of the past, but a living source that contributes to valuing cultural diversity and offering new perspectives for science and sustainability in today's society.
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    Ensino de ciências e metodologias ativas: análise de práticas aplicadas no ensino fundamental
    (Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 2021-06-15) Souza , Josiene Dias de; Pereira, Jocilene Gordiano Lima Tomaz
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    Fatores determinantes da mobilização precoce em pacientes neurocríticos adultos em unidade de terapia intensiva: estudo retrospectivo observacional
    (Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 2026-08-03) Luna, Emelle de Espíndola; Maia, Thais Lopes Ferreira Diniz
    Early mobilization reduces complications related to immobility in intensive care units (ICUs); however, its implementation in neurocritical patients remains inconsistent and poorly characterized in real-world settings. This study identifies barriers to early mobilization in adult neurocritical patients admitted to the ICU and evaluates the compliance of documented justifications for non-mobilization with the institutional protocol. This is a retrospective, single-center observational study including adult neurocritical patients admitted to an ICU. The analyzed outcomes include daily mobilization status, reasons for non-mobilization categorized as clinical, organizational, and structural barriers, and the compliance of clinical justifications with the institutional Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). Among 163 patients, corresponding to 1,798 patient-days, 64.7% of ICU days occurred without mobilization. Clinical barriers predominated (82.6%), particularly general clinical and hemodynamic criteria, whereas organizational and structural barriers accounted for 16.6% and 0.6%, respectively. Of the 1,164 justifications for non-mobilization, 66.4% were compliant with the SOP, a proportion significantly higher than expected by chance (exact binomial test, p < 0.001; 95% CI, 63.6%–69.1%). A relevant proportion of justifications was not included in the protocol, indicating possible gaps between formal guidelines and bedside practice. Early mobilization in neurocritical ICU patients is predominantly limited by clinical restrictions, reflecting the complexity of this population; however, organizational factors and protocol gaps also contribute to this scenario. Periodic protocol review and continuous interprofessional education may improve alignment between guidelines and practice, promoting safer and more consistent implementation of early mobilization.
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    Perfil clínico-epidemiológico e microbiológico das pneumonias associadas à ventilação mecânica na unidade de terapia intensiva de hospital universitário do sertão do Pernambuco
    (2026-05-21) Pinto, João Pedro de Carvalho; Naue, Carine Rosa; Aquino, Samuel Ricarte de
    Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated infection in intensive care units, associated with increased morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and higher healthcare costs. Understanding the clinical, epidemiological, and microbiological profile of affected patients is essential to guide prevention and treatment strategies.Objective: To describe the clinical, epidemiological, and microbiological profile of patients diagnosed with VAP in the intensive care unit of a university hospital in the São Francisco Valley. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, analytical, and retrospective study including 107 patients diagnosed with VAP between January 2023 and July 2025 at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (HU-UNIVASF). Sociodemographic, clinical, microbiological, and outcome data were collected from electronic medical records. Continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation, while categorical variables were presented as absolute and relative frequencies. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test and the chi-square test. Results: A predominance of male patients (75.7%) was observed, with a mean age of 47.8 ± 19.6 years. The main causes of admission were trauma-related conditions, particularly traumatic brain injury (53.7%) and polytrauma from traffic accidents (28.0%). Microbiological analysis showed a predominance of Gram-negative bacteria (76.4%), with Acinetobacter baumannii being the most frequent pathogen (40.2%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (21.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.8%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.1%). The mean hospital length of stay was 49.1 days, and the mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 21.3 days. The mortality rate was 28%, with higher mean age among non-survivors compared to survivors (56.9 ± 21.3 vs. 43.5 ± 18.4 years; p = 0.012). Conclusion: VAP predominantly affected male patients with trauma-related conditions, especially traumatic brain injury and polytrauma, and was associated with a predominance of Gram-negative pathogens, high mortality, and prolonged hospitalization and mechanical ventilation. Higher CPIS scores were not associated with worse outcomes.
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    Reflexões da educação na perspectiva da sexualidade e das relaçoes de gênero no contexto da bncc
    (Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 2026) Barros, Tales de Oliveira; Souza, Manoel Messias Alves de
    This article, entitled Reflections on Education from the Perspective of Sexuality and Gender Relations in the Context of the BNCC, aimed to identify the guidelines for the inclusion of Sexual Education in the school context across the three versions of the BNCC. The specific objectives were to investigate the conceptions of gender and sexuality addressed in the BNCC and to analyze the silencing of these themes in official documents.The methodology used was documentary analysis, accompanied by descriptive qualitative research, to collect data from official education documents. The results indicate a regression in discussions on sex education, compared to other previously published documents, thus evidencing an attempt to silence any approach to the topic in question.
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    Sequência didática inclusiva sobre os reinos moneras, protoctistas e fungos para turma com estudante autista: relato de experiência
    (Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 2025) Ireno, Ivanilde Pereira; Boas, Anderson Camatari Vilas
    Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition that compromises the way individuals are and lives, and may involve difficulties in language, communication, as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. In this context, the importance of meaningful learning and the essential role of the teacher in adapting the teaching process is emphasized, aiming at understanding the contents and the inclusion of students with ASD. This paper presents an experience report, with a qualitative approach, which describes the application of an adapted didactic sequence in the discipline of Science, in a class of the 7th grade of Elementary School of a public school in the city of Itiúba-BA. The proposal was prepared based on semi-structured interviews with the pedagogical coordination, the regent teacher, the teacher of the Specialized Educational Service (AEE) and the mother of the student with ASD, in addition to observations in the classroom. The didactic sequence was built considering the level of learning, abilities and difficulties of the student with ASD, with the objective of promoting their active participation, stimulating reasoning and favoring interaction with colleagues. The results showed that the use of active methodologies contributed to greater involvement and learning of both students with ASD and other students. It is concluded that it is essential to train teachers to use inclusive strategies that value all students in their singularities